Concept of civilization and culture

Concept of civilization A civilization is a complex human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development. In many parts of the world, early civilizations formed when people began coming together in urban settlements. However, defining what civilization is, and what societies fall under that designation, is a … Read more

Health Problems in India

Health Problems in India At the face of it, India is a booming economy and one of the fastest growing in the world. Yet, over one third of income is spent towards food and related consumption and hence, social security support for health, education, housing etc. becomes critical. However, over half a century post-independence, there … Read more

Elements of social harmony

Elements of social harmony Since antiquity, all religions, cultures and societies have provided for living in harmony. It is actually the fundamental law of creation and continues to govern our life. Etymologically, harmony means ‘joint’. It is understood as ‘binding together and being in concord with one another and the cosmos and in the context … Read more

Caste  system

The caste system is a classification of people into four hierarchically ranked castes called varnas. They are classified according to occupation and determine access to wealth, power, and privilege. The Brahmans, usually priests and scholars, are at the top. Next are the Kshatriyas, or political rulers and soldiers. They are followed by the Vaishyas, or … Read more

Vocational or Extension Education

  Human resource development, in short, means invest­ment in human capital. Human capital means people can act as capital assets which yield a stream of economic benefits over their working life.  An improvement in the mental capability, skill, and physical capacity of the people constitutes an increase in the human capital because this enables the … Read more

Empowerment

In societal development, conception of empowerment has vital role. This phrase is linked with gender equality. Modernization of global development will need a reappraisal of the concept and its application to many facets of human life. The notion of empowerment entails numerous things to many people. Concepts of choice, liberty, agency, capacity, contribution, self-sufficiency, and … Read more

Senior Citizens acts and Policies

  Hindus Laws Amongst the Hindus, the obligation of sons to maintain their aged parents, who were not able to maintain themselves out of their own earning and property, was recognized even in early texts. And this obligation was not dependent upon, or in any way qualified, by a reference to the possession of family … Read more

Principles of Public Administration

Principles of Public Administration Throughout the 20th century the study and practice of public administration has been essentially pragmatic and normative rather than theoretical and value free. This may explain why public administration, unlike some social sciences, developed without much concern about an encompassing theory. Not until the mid-20th century and the dissemination of the … Read more

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