CHAIN RULE

  This module will teach you the basics of direct and indirect proportions. These concepts will further help you in time and work questions. Important Formulas – chain rule Direct ProportionTwo quantities are said to be directly proportional, if on the increase or decrease of the one, the other increases or decreases the same extent. … Read more

PROFIT & LOSS

Profit and loss   IMPORTANT FACTS Cost Price: The price, at which an article is purchased, is called its cost price, abbreviated as C.P.   Selling Price: The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling prices, abbreviated as S.P.   Profit or Gain: If S.P. is greater than C.P., the seller is said to have … Read more

Percentage

Important Formulas – Percentage PercentagePercent means for every 100 So, when percent is calculated for any value, it means that we calculate the value for every 100 of the reference value. percent is denoted by the symbol %. For example, x percent is denoted by x% x%=x/100Example : 25%=25/100=1/4 To express x/y as a percent, we have x/y=(x/y×100)%Example … Read more

Discount

The discount is referred to the reduction in the price of some commodity or service. It may anywhere appear in the distribution channel in the form of modifications in marked price (printed on the item) or in retail price (set by retailer usually by pasting a sticker on the item) or in list price (quoted for the buyer). The discount is provided for the … Read more

Compound Interest

Compound Interest   Let Principal = P, Rate = R% per annum, Time = n   When interest is compound Annually:    Amount = P 1 + R n 100 When interest is compounded Half-yearly:     Amount = P 1 + (R/2) 2n 100 When interest is compounded Quarterly:     Amount = P 1 … Read more

MENSURATION

  Mensuration is the branch of mathematics which deals with the study of different geometrical shapes, their areas and Volume. In the broadest sense, it is all about the process of measurement. It is based on the use of algebraic equations and geometric calculations to provide measurement data regarding the width, depth and volume of a … Read more

PIPES & CISTERN

  Pipes and Cistern   Inlet: A pipe connected with a tank or a cistern or a reservoir, that fills it, is known as an inlet.   Outlet: A pipe connected with a tank or cistern or reservoir, emptying it, is known as an outlet.   If a pipe can fill a tank in xhours, then: … Read more

SQUARE ROOT & CUBE ROOTS

Square Root & Cube Root   Step 1: First of all group the number in pairs of 2 starting from the right.   Step 2: To get the ten’s place digit, Find the nearest square (equivalent or greater than or less than) to the first grouped pair from left and put the square root of the square.   … Read more

SURDS

Surds A surd is a square root which cannot be reduced to a rational number. For example,  is not a surd. However  is a surd. If you use a calculator, you will see that  and we will need to round the answer correct to a few decimal places. This makes it less accurate. If it is left as , then the … Read more