MPPSC MAINS 2015 Paper-I

Points to Remember: Nadir Shah’s invasion of India: Timing, motivations, military strategies. Impact on the Mughal Empire: Political, economic, and social consequences. Long-term effects on India: Cultural, demographic, and geopolitical shifts. Comparison with other invasions: Similarities and differences in impact. Introduction: Nadir Shah’s invasion of India in 1739 represents a watershed moment in the history … Read more

Points to Remember: Political consequences: Impact on the Mughal Empire, rise of the Marathas, and the emergence of new power structures. Economic consequences: Disruption of trade, agricultural decline, and the overall economic impact on the subcontinent. Social consequences: Loss of life, displacement of populations, and the social upheaval caused by the war. Cultural consequences: The … Read more

Points to Remember: Harsha’s reign as a powerful and influential king. His patronage of learning and scholarship. His association with renowned scholars like Bana. The impact of his rule on the development of Sanskrit literature and culture. The limitations of available historical sources regarding his scholarly contributions. Introduction: Harshavardhana (reigned c. 606-647 CE), the powerful … Read more

Points to Remember: Location: Madhya Pradesh, India Style: Nagara style of Hindu temple architecture Famous for: Erotic sculptures Religious significance: Dedicated to Jainism and Hinduism UNESCO World Heritage Site Introduction: The Khajuraho Group of Monuments, a UNESCO World Heritage site, comprises a cluster of exquisitely carved temples located in Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India. … Read more

Points to Remember: Humayun’s military weaknesses Humayun’s administrative shortcomings Humayun’s personality flaws The rise of Sher Shah Suri External factors influencing Humayun’s reign Introduction: Humayun, the second Mughal emperor of India, reigned from 1530 to 1540 and again briefly from 1555 to 1556. His reign is largely considered a failure, marked by instability, loss of … Read more

Points to Remember: The League of Nations’ failure stemmed from a combination of structural weaknesses, political realities, and the global context of the time. Its lack of enforcement power, the absence of major powers, and the rise of aggressive nationalism were key contributing factors. Despite its failures, the League provided valuable experience for future international … Read more

Points to Remember: Kanishka’s reign and its impact on Buddhism. Kanishka’s patronage: religious policies, infrastructure development, and scholarly support. The Fourth Buddhist Council and its significance. Spread of Buddhism under Kanishka’s rule. Evaluation of Kanishka’s legacy as a Buddhist patron. Introduction: Kanishka I (c. 127 – 151 CE), the Kushan emperor, is widely recognized as … Read more

Points to Remember: The Afzal Guru case involved accusations of conspiracy in the 2001 Indian Parliament attack. The case sparked significant controversy and debate regarding due process, judicial fairness, and the death penalty in India. The execution of Afzal Guru further fueled these debates and raised questions about India’s counter-terrorism policies. Introduction: The “Afzal Guru … Read more

Points to Remember: Date: 4th February 1922 Location: Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh, India Participants: Indian nationalists protesting against British rule Outcome: Violent clash leading to the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement. Introduction: The Chauri Chaura incident was a pivotal event in the Indian independence movement. Occurring on February 4th, 1922, in the small village of … Read more

Points to Remember: Key aspects of Balkrishna Sharma ‘Naveen’s’ life and contributions. His role in Nepali literature and journalism. His impact on Nepali society and culture. Introduction: Balkrishna Sharma ‘Naveen’ (1928-2007) was a prominent figure in Nepali literature and journalism. He significantly contributed to shaping Nepali intellectual discourse and cultural landscape during the mid-20th and … Read more