MPPSC MAINS 2015 Paper-IV

Points to Remember: Syādvāda is a theory of relative truth in Jain philosophy. It emphasizes the multifaceted nature of reality. It avoids making absolute claims and acknowledges the limitations of human perception. It promotes tolerance and understanding of diverse perspectives. Introduction: Syādvāda, literally meaning “the theory of many-sidedness,” is a cornerstone of Jain epistemology and … Read more

Points to Remember: Lohia’s socialism prioritized the upliftment of the marginalized. It emphasized decentralized planning and village autonomy. It advocated for a blend of socialist and Gandhian principles. It focused on social justice and economic equality. It was critical of both capitalism and centralized state socialism. Introduction: Ram Manohar Lohia, a prominent socialist leader in … Read more

Points to Remember: Integral Humanism is a holistic philosophy emphasizing the interconnectedness of individual and societal well-being. It stresses the importance of spiritual and material development in tandem. It advocates for a harmonious balance between individual rights and social responsibilities. It promotes a synthesis of various philosophical and religious traditions. It seeks to create a … Read more

Points to Remember: Neutrality’s importance in upholding the rule of law and public trust. Different facets of neutrality: political, religious, and personal. Challenges to maintaining neutrality and strategies for upholding it. The role of training, ethics codes, and oversight mechanisms. Introduction: Civil services are the backbone of any effective government, responsible for implementing policies and … Read more

Points to Remember: Key philosophical concepts in Tulsidas’s works, primarily the Ramcharitmanas. Emphasis on Bhakti (devotion) and its various aspects. Tulsidas’s interpretation of the Ramayana and its relevance to societal values. The concept of saguna and nirguna Brahman. Tulsidas’s social and spiritual message. Introduction: Goswami Tulsidas (c. 1532 – 1623 CE) was a prominent Hindi … Read more

Points to Remember: Swami Dayananda Saraswati’s core philosophy: Return to the Vedas. Key tenets: Monotheism, rejection of idolatry, social reform, emphasis on education. Arya Samaj: The organization founded to propagate his teachings. Impact: Social reform, educational initiatives, nationalist movement. Criticisms: Interpretational biases, potential for exclusivism. Introduction: Swami Dayananda Saraswati (1824-1883) was a prominent 19th-century Indian … Read more

Points to Remember: Transparency and accountability in government processes. Strengthening institutions and rule of law. Citizen engagement and participation. Prevention, detection, and punishment of corrupt acts. International cooperation and asset recovery. Introduction: Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, is a pervasive global problem undermining development, eroding public trust, and hindering economic growth. … Read more

Points to Remember: Emotional intelligence (EQ) is a distinct skill set separate from traditional IQ. It involves self-awareness, self-regulation, social awareness, and relationship management. High EQ correlates with better personal and professional success. Developing EQ is a continuous process requiring self-reflection and practice. Introduction: Emotional intelligence (EQ), also known as emotional quotient, refers to the … Read more

Points to Remember: Accountability: Answerability for actions and decisions. Transparency: Openness and accessibility of information. Public Administration: The implementation of government policies and programs. Interrelation: Accountability and transparency are mutually reinforcing. Challenges: Political interference, lack of resources, and resistance to change. Introduction: Accountability and transparency are cornerstones of effective and ethical public administration. Accountability refers … Read more

Points to Remember: Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. It manifests in various forms, from petty bribery to grand systemic fraud. Corruption undermines institutions, hinders development, and erodes public trust. Combating corruption requires a multi-pronged approach involving legal reforms, transparency measures, and societal change. Introduction: Corruption, at its core, is the … Read more