MPPSC MAINS 2016 Paper-III

Points to Remember: Definition of food security Four dimensions of food security Factors affecting food security Global and national implications Strategies for enhancing food security Introduction: Food security is a fundamental human right, crucial for individual well-being and societal stability. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) defines food security as “when … Read more

Points to Remember: Basic components of a cell (cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, organelles). Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic cells. Functions of major organelles. Importance of cell structure for overall organism function. Introduction: Cells are the fundamental units of life, forming the building blocks of all living organisms. From single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like humans, all … Read more

Points to Remember: E-waste is a growing global problem. Proper management requires a multi-pronged approach. Recycling and reuse are crucial for environmental and economic benefits. Legislation and public awareness are essential for effective management. Introduction: E-waste, or electronic waste, refers to discarded electrical or electronic devices. Its rapid growth is fueled by the increasing consumption … Read more

Points to Remember: Mendel’s experiments involved pea plants and focused on contrasting traits. He established the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles. His laws explain how traits are passed from parents to offspring. The laws are the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment. Introduction: Gregor Mendel, a 19th-century monk, is considered the … Read more

Points to Remember: Causes: Greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, industrialization, unsustainable agriculture. Solutions: Mitigation (reducing emissions), adaptation (adjusting to changes), international cooperation, policy changes, technological innovation. Introduction: Climate change, driven primarily by human activities, refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the leading international body for assessing … Read more

Points to Remember: Simple Interest (SI) calculates interest only on the principal amount. Compound Interest (CI) calculates interest on the principal amount plus accumulated interest. The difference between CI and SI becomes more significant over longer periods. Introduction: Interest is the cost of borrowing money or the return on an investment. There are two primary … Read more

Points to Remember: Energy efficiency Energy conservation Renewable energy sources Sustainable energy practices Energy auditing and monitoring Introduction: Energy management encompasses the practices and strategies aimed at optimizing energy consumption and production. It involves a holistic approach to reducing energy waste, improving efficiency, and transitioning towards sustainable energy sources. The global demand for energy continues … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of ICTs Key components of ICTs Diverse applications across sectors Impact and challenges of ICT adoption Introduction: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) encompass all technologies used to create, store, exchange, and utilize information. This includes a vast range of tools and systems, from traditional telephones and radios to the sophisticated internet, … Read more

Points to Remember: Primary sexual characteristics are directly involved in reproduction. Secondary sexual characteristics are not directly involved in reproduction but signal sexual maturity. Development of both is influenced by hormones. Variations exist across individuals and genders. Introduction: Sexual characteristics are physical attributes that distinguish between the sexes. They are crucial for reproduction and the … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and basic principles of nanotechnology. Applications across various sectors (medicine, electronics, energy, environment). Potential benefits and risks associated with nanotechnology. Ethical considerations and future prospects. Introduction: Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale, generally defined as the size range of 1 to 100 nanometers (a nanometer … Read more