MPPSC MAINS 2017 Paper-II

Points to Remember: The Factories Act, 1948, aims to regulate working conditions and ensure the welfare of workers in factories. The Act mandates several welfare provisions related to health, safety, and working hours. Enforcement of these provisions is crucial for protecting workers’ rights and promoting a healthy work environment. Introduction: The Factories Act, 1948, is … Read more

Points to Remember: Surveillance and early detection Vaccination and immunization programs Sanitation and hygiene improvements Vector control Antimicrobial stewardship Public health education and communication International collaboration and global health security Introduction: Communicable diseases, illnesses caused by infectious agents that spread directly or indirectly from one person to another, remain a significant global health challenge in … Read more

Points to Remember: Poverty and food insecurity Inadequate dietary diversity Poor sanitation and hygiene Healthcare access limitations Lack of awareness and education Climate change and its impact on agriculture Introduction: Malnutrition, encompassing undernutrition (wasting, stunting, and underweight) and overnutrition (obesity), is a significant public health challenge in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India. While MP has witnessed … Read more

Points to Remember: Section 4 of the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 (PCRA) deals with the offences relating to the enforcement of untouchability. It criminalizes various acts that perpetuate the practice of untouchability. The section aims to ensure equality and dignity for all citizens, regardless of caste. Understanding the provisions of Section 4 is … Read more

Points to Remember: The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (SC/ST Act) aims to prevent atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Section 3(i) of the Act defines various offenses constituting atrocities. Punishments under the SC/ST Act are stringent to deter such crimes. The Act has faced both praise and criticism … Read more

Points to Remember: Early marriage’s devastating impact on girls’ education. Other significant barriers to girls’ education (poverty, cultural norms, lack of infrastructure). The interconnectedness of these obstacles. Potential solutions and policy recommendations. Introduction: Globally, millions of girls are denied their fundamental right to education. While numerous factors contribute to this crisis, the statement “The greatest … Read more

Points to Remember: Malnutrition and undernutrition Lack of access to quality healthcare Inadequate sanitation and hygiene Low maternal education and awareness Poverty and socioeconomic disparities Gender inequality Neonatal causes (preterm birth, birth asphyxia, infections) Introduction: India, despite significant strides in economic development, continues to grapple with a relatively high infant mortality rate (IMR). The IMR, … Read more

Points to Remember: UNICEF’s crucial role in India’s polio eradication efforts. The phased approach adopted, including Pulse Polio Immunization campaigns. Challenges faced, such as geographical access, vaccine hesitancy, and conflict zones. Successes achieved in eradicating polio from India. Lessons learned and future implications for global health initiatives. Introduction: The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has … Read more

Points to Remember: Key challenges: High maternal mortality rate (MMR), low institutional deliveries, poor access to skilled birth attendants, malnutrition, and lack of awareness. Government initiatives: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), and various state-specific programs. Successes: Improved institutional deliveries, increased awareness, better infrastructure in some areas. Shortcomings: Uneven implementation, geographical disparities, … Read more

Points to Remember: Promoting global health Preventing disease outbreaks Improving healthcare systems Setting international health standards Providing health information and research Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, plays a crucial role in global health governance. Established in 1948, its primary objective is the attainment by all peoples of … Read more