MPPSC MAINS 2017 Paper-IV

Points to Remember: Corruption undermines institutions. Corruption hinders economic development. Corruption erodes public trust. Corruption fuels inequality. Corruption threatens human rights. Introduction: Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, is a pervasive global problem with devastating consequences. The World Bank estimates that over $2.6 trillion are paid in bribes annually, hindering economic growth … Read more

Points to Remember: The need for strong whistleblower protection in India. The provisions of the Whistleblower Protection Act, 2014. Shortcomings and challenges in implementation. Recommendations for improvement. Introduction: India’s Whistleblower Protection Act, 2014, aims to safeguard individuals who report corruption and wrongdoing within government and public sector organizations. The enactment followed years of advocacy highlighting … Read more

Points to Remember: Defining corruption and its various forms. Understanding the challenges in measuring corruption accurately. Transparency International’s role, methodology, and limitations. Alternative approaches and future directions in corruption measurement. Introduction: Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, undermines institutions, hinders economic development, and erodes public trust. Measuring its prevalence accurately is a … Read more

Points to Remember: Emphasis on holistic development. Importance of creativity and self-expression. Rejection of rote learning and standardized examinations. Nature as a vital part of education. Importance of human relationships and social responsibility. Focus on individual growth and spiritual development. Introduction: Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), a Nobel laureate in Literature, was not just a prolific writer … Read more

Points to Remember: Impartiality: Treating all individuals and groups equally, without bias or favoritism. Non-partisanship: Remaining neutral and objective, avoiding alignment with any political party or ideology. Accountability: Being responsible and answerable for one’s actions and decisions. Integrity: Adhering to high moral and ethical standards. Meritocracy: Selection and promotion based on ability and qualifications, not … Read more

Points to Remember: Active listening is a crucial skill for developing empathy. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others. Active listening techniques enhance understanding and connection. Barriers to active listening hinder the development of empathy. Effective communication strategies promote both active listening and empathy. Introduction: Empathy, the ability to understand and share the … Read more

Points to Remember: Attitudes are learned predispositions to respond consistently favorably or unfavorably to an object, person, or event. Attitudes have three components: cognitive (beliefs), affective (feelings), and behavioral (actions). Attitudes can be explicit (consciously held) or implicit (unconsciously held). Attitudes influence behavior, but the relationship is not always straightforward. Attitudes can be changed through … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition and key elements of persuasive communication. Different approaches and techniques used in persuasive communication. Ethical considerations and potential pitfalls. Applications across various fields. Importance of audience analysis and message tailoring. Introduction: Persuasive communication is the art of influencing an audience’s attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. It’s a multifaceted process involving the strategic … Read more

Points to Remember: Trusteeship is a socio-economic philosophy. It emphasizes social responsibility and ethical conduct. It advocates for the redistribution of wealth without resorting to violence or revolution. It’s based on the principle of stewardship, not ownership. Introduction: Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of Trusteeship offered a unique approach to resolving the socio-economic inequalities prevalent in India … Read more

Points to Remember: Integral Humanism’s holistic approach to human development. Its emphasis on the interconnectedness of individual, society, and the environment. Its relevance in addressing contemporary challenges. Criticisms and limitations of Integral Humanism. Introduction: Integral Humanism, a philosophy propounded by Deendayal Upadhyaya, emphasizes the holistic development of the human person, encompassing their spiritual, intellectual, social, … Read more