MPPSC MAINS 2018 Paper-I

Let’s address the question: Discuss the socio-economic causes of the French Revolution of 1789. Keywords: French Revolution, socio-economic causes, 1789. Required Approach: Primarily factual and analytical, with some elements of interpretation. Points to Remember: Inequality in wealth distribution Financial crisis of the French monarchy Rise of Enlightenment ideals Poor harvests and famine Social stratification and … Read more

Points to Remember: Kunwar Singh’s role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. His military prowess and leadership. His age and defiance against the British East India Company. His legacy and contribution to Indian history. Introduction: Kunwar Singh (c. 1777 – 26 April 1858) was a prominent Zamindar (landlord) of Jagdispur, Bihar, and a key figure … Read more

Points to Remember: Ramakrishna Mission’s social work: Relief work, rural development, healthcare, education. Ramakrishna Mission’s educational contributions: Schools, colleges, research institutions, emphasis on character building. Holistic approach: Integration of spiritual and social service. Impact and reach: National and international presence. Introduction: The Ramakrishna Mission, founded in 1897 after the death of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, is … Read more

Points to Remember: Leader: Birsa Munda Time Period: Late 19th Century (roughly 1890s-1900) Location: Chotanagpur Plateau (present-day Jharkhand, parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal) Goals: Religious and socio-political reform, opposition to British rule and exploitation of tribal communities. Methods: Religious revivalism, mobilization of tribal communities, armed resistance. Outcome: Suppression by the British, but lasting … Read more

Points to Remember: Firoz Shah Tughlaq’s reign (1351-1388 CE) was marked by significant public welfare initiatives. His focus was on infrastructure development, irrigation, and social welfare schemes. While his intentions were largely benevolent, some aspects of his policies faced criticism. Introduction: Firoz Shah Tughlaq, the third Sultan of the Tughlaq dynasty in Delhi, is remembered … Read more

Points to Remember: Origins and founder of Din-i-Ilahi. Key tenets and beliefs of Din-i-Ilahi. Political and religious motivations behind its creation. Reception and impact of Din-i-Ilahi. Legacy and lasting significance. Introduction: Din-i-Ilahi, meaning “Divine Faith,” was a syncretic religion propagated by Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great in the late 16th century. Its creation represents a … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of economic drain Causes of economic drain (internal and external) Consequences of economic drain Mitigation strategies Introduction: Economic drain refers to the outflow of resources (financial capital, human capital, natural resources) from an economy, leading to a net loss of wealth and hindering economic growth. This can manifest in various forms, … Read more

Points to Remember: Socio-economic factors contributing to Buddhism’s rise. The role of the caste system and social inequality. Economic hardship and dissatisfaction among the populace. The appeal of Buddhist teachings to different social strata. The spread of Buddhism and its impact on society. Introduction: The rise of Buddhism in ancient India, during the 6th century … Read more

Points to Remember: Mahajanapadas: Rise of powerful kingdoms. Political Systems: Monarchies, oligarchies, republics. Conflicts and alliances: Frequent wars and shifting power dynamics. Social and economic factors: Influence on political structures. Legacy: Impact on subsequent political developments in India. Introduction: The sixth century BC in Northern India witnessed a significant transformation in the political landscape. This … Read more

Points to Remember: Treaty of Neuilly’s signatories and context (post-WWI). Territorial losses imposed on Bulgaria. Economic and military restrictions placed on Bulgaria. Long-term consequences and impact on Bulgaria. Introduction: The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, signed on November 27, 1919, was one of the peace treaties that formally ended World War I. Unlike the Treaty of Versailles … Read more