MPPSC MAINS 2018 Paper-I

Points to Remember: Michelangelo’s artistic mastery across sculpture, painting, architecture, and poetry; his impact on Renaissance art and its enduring legacy; his influence on subsequent artistic movements. Introduction: The European Renaissance (roughly 14th-16th centuries) witnessed a flourishing of art and culture, marked by a renewed interest in classical antiquity and humanism. Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti … Read more

Points to Remember: Religious tensions between Catholics and Protestants. Fears of absolutist rule by James II. Political maneuvering and alliances among key players. The role of William of Orange and Mary II. The relatively peaceful nature of the transition of power. Introduction: The Glorious Revolution of 1688, also known as the Bloodless Revolution, marked a … Read more

Points to Remember: Origin and Rise of the Tuluva Dynasty Notable Rulers and their Contributions Administrative and Economic Policies Cultural and Architectural Legacy Decline and Fall of the Dynasty Introduction: The Tuluva Dynasty (c. 1490-1646 CE) represents a significant chapter in the history of the Vijayanagara Empire, one of the most powerful and enduring kingdoms … Read more

Points to Remember: Shahabuddin Umar’s key roles and positions. His significant contributions and achievements. Any controversies or criticisms associated with him. His lasting legacy and impact. Introduction: Shahabuddin Umar was a prominent figure in the political and intellectual landscape of [Specify Country/Region – this information is missing from the question and is crucial for a … Read more

Points to Remember: Razia Sultana’s reign as the first and only female Muslim ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. Her challenges as a woman in a patriarchal society. Her administrative and military capabilities. The reasons for her downfall and eventual death. Introduction: Razia Sultana (c. 1205 – 1240 CE) stands as a significant figure in Indian … Read more

Points to Remember: Key life events of Thomas Brassey. His contributions to railway construction. His impact on global infrastructure development. His business practices and management style. Introduction: Thomas Brassey (1805-1870) was a prominent British civil engineer and contractor, widely recognized as one of the most significant figures in 19th-century railway construction. His career spanned a … Read more

Points to Remember: Khijra Khan’s identity as a transgender individual. His military service and sacrifice. The controversy surrounding his mention in a political speech. The broader context of transgender rights and recognition. Introduction: Khizr Khan is a Pakistani-American Muslim who gained national prominence in the United States following his emotional speech at the 2016 Democratic … Read more

Points to Remember: Key events of Alexander II’s reign. His reforms and their impact. Opposition to his reforms and their consequences. His assassination and legacy. Introduction: Tsar Alexander II (1818-1881) was the Emperor of Russia from 1855 to 1881. His reign is largely defined by a period of significant social and political reform, often referred … Read more

Points to Remember: Key life events of Erasmus Erasmus’s major works and their impact Erasmus’s role in the Renaissance and Reformation Erasmus’s legacy and lasting influence Introduction: Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam (c. 1466 – 1536) was a prominent humanist scholar, writer, and theologian during the Renaissance. He is considered one of the most important figures … Read more

Points to Remember: Emile’s core tenets: natural education, individual development, and societal impact. Key stages of Emile’s education: infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Criticisms and controversies surrounding Emile’s philosophy. Emile’s lasting influence on educational theory and practice. Introduction: “Emile, or On Education” (1762) is a seminal work of educational philosophy by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. It’s not … Read more