MPPSC MAINS 2018 Paper-IV

Points to Remember: Tagore’s concept of humanism is not a rigid Western philosophical import but a unique synthesis of Eastern spiritual traditions and Western humanist ideals. It emphasizes the inherent divinity and worth of every individual. It promotes universal brotherhood and transcends narrow nationalistic or religious boundaries. It advocates for education that fosters creativity, critical … Read more

Points to Remember: Truth (Satya): The cornerstone of Gandhian ethics, emphasizing honesty and non-violence in thought, word, and deed. Non-violence (Ahimsa): Active non-resistance to evil, encompassing compassion, empathy, and respect for all life. Self-rule (Swaraj): Internal self-governance, implying moral autonomy and responsibility. Simple Living (Sarvodaya): Emphasis on minimizing material desires and promoting equitable distribution of … Read more

Points to Remember: Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s multifaceted contributions to social reform in 19th-century India. His focus on monotheism, widow remarriage, women’s rights, and the abolition of sati. His role in modernizing Indian education and promoting Western learning. His advocacy for social justice and his impact on the Bengal Renaissance. Introduction: Raja Ram Mohan Roy … Read more

Points to Remember: The five main moral principles (Panchmahavratas) of Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism. These are absolute vows for monks and nuns, and relative vows for lay practitioners. Introduction: Jainism, one of the oldest living religions of the world, emphasizes the principle of ahimsa (non-violence) above all else. Central to Jain philosophy … Read more

Points to Remember: Tulsidas’s life and times Key themes in his poetry reflecting social consciousness Examples from his works (Ramcharitmanas primarily) illustrating social consciousness Critique of social inequalities and injustices Promotion of social harmony and ethical conduct Introduction: Tulsidas (c. 1532-1623 CE), a towering figure in Hindi literature, is best known for his epic poem … Read more

Points to Remember: The Code of Conduct for Civil Servants aims to maintain high ethical standards and public trust. Key provisions cover impartiality, integrity, objectivity, and accountability. Enforcement mechanisms vary across jurisdictions and may include disciplinary actions. Challenges include balancing ethical obligations with political pressures. Introduction: The Code of Conduct for civil servants is a … Read more

Points to Remember: Administration involves decision-making impacting individuals and society. Administrators wield power and influence, necessitating ethical considerations. Ethical dilemmas are inherent in administrative roles. Accountability and transparency are crucial for moral administration. The rule of law and constitutional values underpin moral administration. Introduction: The statement “Administration is a moral act, and the administrator is … Read more

Keywords: E.S. Hooper’s couplet, duty of civil servants, dream vs. reality, public service. Required Approach: Analytical, with elements of interpretation. Points to Remember: The contrast between idealistic aspirations and the practical realities of public service. The importance of ethical conduct and commitment to duty despite challenges. The need for a balance between personal aspirations and … Read more

Points to Remember: Benami transactions are illegal in India. The Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988, aims to curb illegal transactions and money laundering. The Act empowers the government to confiscate benami properties. The law has faced challenges in implementation. Effective implementation requires strong enforcement mechanisms and public awareness. Introduction: The Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988, … Read more

Points to Remember: The Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI Act) mandates timely disclosure of information. A specific timeframe is prescribed for providing information under normal circumstances. Exceptions and extensions exist under specific conditions. Introduction: The Right to Information Act, 2005, is a landmark legislation in India that empowers citizens to access information held by … Read more