MPPSC MAINS 2020 Paper-II

Points to Remember: Definition of delegation Benefits of delegation for delegator and delegatee Potential drawbacks and challenges of delegation Effective strategies for successful delegation Introduction: Delegation, in its simplest form, is the act of assigning responsibility for a task or project to another person. It’s a fundamental management principle crucial for organizational efficiency and individual … Read more

Points to Remember: Authority implies the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience. Responsibility entails accountability for one’s actions and the obligation to fulfill duties. The relationship between authority and responsibility is reciprocal and interdependent. An imbalance between authority and responsibility can lead to negative consequences. Introduction: The adage “authority and … Read more

Points to Remember: Gandhi’s Trusteeship theory is a socio-economic philosophy. It advocates for a classless society achieved through voluntary relinquishment of wealth by the wealthy. It emphasizes moral responsibility and social justice. It’s a non-violent approach to wealth redistribution. It faces practical challenges in implementation. Introduction: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s Trusteeship theory is a unique socio-economic … Read more

Points to Remember: The role of the press in a democratic society. The concept of the “Fourth Estate” or “Fourth Pillar.” The functions of a free press: informing, investigating, scrutinizing, and representing. Challenges faced by the press in fulfilling its role. The importance of press freedom for a healthy democracy. Introduction: The press, often referred … Read more

Points to Remember: Ram Manohar Lohia’s Four Pillar State emphasizes decentralized power and social justice. The four pillars are: Village Swaraj, Decentralized Planning, Social Justice, and Non-alignment. Each pillar is interconnected and crucial for a just and equitable society. Lohia’s model critiques centralized power structures and advocates for participatory democracy. Introduction: Ram Manohar Lohia, a … Read more

Points to Remember: NITI Aayog’s evolution from the Planning Commission. Focus on cooperative federalism and collaborative decision-making. Emphasis on achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Promotion of innovation and technology. Focus on data-driven decision-making. Introduction: NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India), established in 2015, replaced the Planning Commission of India. It represents a significant shift … Read more

Points to Remember: The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an independent constitutional body. Its primary function is to conduct free and fair elections. It has wide-ranging powers to ensure the integrity of the electoral process. Introduction: The Election Commission of India (ECI) is a permanent, independent body established by the Constitution of India to … Read more

Points to Remember: Composition: Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, and Members. Powers: Investigative, recommendatory, and advisory. Focus: Welfare and protection of Scheduled Tribes. Introduction: The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) is a constitutional body in India established under Article 338A of the Constitution of India. Its primary function is to monitor the safeguards provided to Scheduled Tribes … Read more

Points to Remember: Clear definition of Unity of Command. Advantages and disadvantages of Unity of Command. Examples of Unity of Command in different contexts. Exceptions and limitations to the principle. Modern relevance and adaptations. Introduction: Unity of Command is a fundamental principle of organizational structure, particularly prevalent in military and management contexts. It dictates that … Read more

Points to Remember: Constitutional amendments as a tool for social and economic change. Specific examples of amendments impacting social and economic spheres. The process of amendment and its limitations. Balancing individual rights with societal needs. The role of judicial interpretation in shaping the impact of amendments. Introduction: Constitutional amendments represent a powerful mechanism for enacting … Read more