MPPSC MAINS 2020 Paper-III

Points to Remember: Habitat loss and degradation Climate change Invasive species Overexploitation Pollution Introduction: Biodiversity, encompassing the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, is facing an unprecedented crisis. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) defines biodiversity as “the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, … Read more

Points to Remember: Parent Material: The original rock material from which soil develops. Climate: Temperature and precipitation significantly influence weathering and biological activity. Biota: Organisms (plants, animals, microbes) contribute to organic matter and soil structure. Topography: Slope, aspect, and elevation affect water movement and soil erosion. Time: Soil formation is a slow process taking hundreds … Read more

Points to Remember: India’s space program’s impact on education and employment. The program’s role in national pride and soft power. Social equity concerns related to access and benefits. The ethical considerations surrounding space exploration. Introduction: India’s space program, spearheaded by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has significantly advanced since its inception in 1969. While … Read more

Points to Remember: National Energy Policy is shaped by a complex interplay of social, economic, and political factors. Socio-political factors significantly influence policy priorities, implementation, and outcomes. Balancing competing interests (environmental protection, economic growth, energy security) is crucial. Public opinion, political ideologies, and social movements play a vital role. International collaborations and global energy dynamics … Read more

Points to Remember: Microsoft Office Suite’s core applications (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook) and their individual functionalities. Specialized applications within the suite (Access, Publisher, OneNote) and their niche uses. The software’s applicability across various sectors and professions. Limitations and alternatives to Microsoft Office. Introduction: Microsoft Office is a widely used productivity suite of software applications developed … Read more

Points to Remember: Calculating the average age requires summing all ages and dividing by the number of women. The average age provides a single representative value for the dataset. This average may not reflect the full complexity of the data and potential underlying factors contributing to suicide. Introduction: Suicide is a significant public health concern … Read more

Points to Remember: Briefly define each term: Ayush, AIDS, and COVID-19. Highlight key characteristics and impacts of each. Note any interrelationships or overlaps. Introduction: This response provides short comments on Ayush, AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), and COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019). These three represent distinct yet sometimes interconnected areas of public health. Ayush is a traditional … Read more

Points to Remember: VSEPR theory predicts molecular shapes based on electron repulsion. Lone pairs of electrons occupy more space than bonding pairs. Molecular shape is determined by the arrangement of atoms, not electron pairs. Introduction: The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry of individual … Read more

Points to Remember: The immune system’s primary function is to defend the body against pathogens. Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense, providing immediate, non-specific protection. Adaptive immunity develops over time and provides specific, long-lasting protection. Components of the immune system include physical barriers, cells, and proteins. Introduction: The immune system is a … Read more

Points to Remember: Ferromagnetic: Strong attraction to magnetic fields, permanent magnetism possible. Paramagnetic: Weak attraction to magnetic fields, no permanent magnetism. Diamagnetic: Weak repulsion from magnetic fields, no permanent magnetism. The key difference lies in the alignment of atomic magnetic moments. Introduction: Materials respond differently to applied magnetic fields. This response is categorized into ferromagnetism, … Read more