MPPSC MAINS 2024 Paper-IV

Points to Remember: Acharya Shankara’s classification of Mukti (liberation) hinges on his Advaita Vedanta philosophy. Mukti is not merely an escape from suffering but a realization of one’s true nature as Brahman (ultimate reality). Shankara outlines different paths and stages towards Mukti, not distinct types of Mukti itself. Introduction: Acharya Shankara (c. 788 – c. … Read more

Points to Remember: Plato’s Theory of Forms: Understanding Plato’s concept of ideal forms is crucial to understanding his virtues. Cardinal Virtues: Plato identified four cardinal virtues, which are central to his ethical framework. Interconnectedness of Virtues: Plato believed these virtues are interconnected and mutually supportive. Introduction: Plato, a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, profoundly … Read more

Points to Remember: The five elements of Pararthanumana (परार्थानुमान) in the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy. These are the five elements necessary for a valid inference based on analogy. Introduction: Pararthanumana, a crucial concept within the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy, refers to inference by analogy. It’s a method of reasoning where the conclusion about … Read more

Points to Remember: Charvaka’s materialistic philosophy. Emphasis on direct perception (pratyaká¹£a) as the sole valid source of knowledge. Rejection of inference (anumāna) and testimony (śabda). Focus on sensory experience and empirical evidence. Implications for epistemology and metaphysics. Introduction: The Charvaka school of Indian philosophy, also known as Lokāyata, is a staunchly materialistic and hedonistic system. … Read more

The question, “Section A – Very Short Answer Type Questions (16×2=32),” is not a question that can be answered directly. It’s a description of a section within a larger exam or assessment. Therefore, a traditional essay-style answer is inappropriate. Instead, the required approach is factual and the keywords are “Section A,” “Very Short Answer Type … Read more