Points to Remember:
- Free and fair elections
- Independent judiciary
- Strong and accountable executive
- Active and informed citizenry
- Respect for fundamental rights
- Robust media
- Effective anti-corruption mechanisms
Introduction:
India, the world’s largest democracy, operates under a parliamentary system. Its success hinges on the strength and effectiveness of its democratic institutions. However, challenges such as corruption, political polarization, and weak governance threaten its efficacy. Strengthening parliamentary democracy in India requires a multi-pronged approach addressing various interconnected factors. As former President APJ Abdul Kalam stated, “The strength of a nation derives from the integrity of its citizens.” This statement highlights the crucial role of citizen engagement in a robust democracy.
Body:
1. Free and Fair Elections: The cornerstone of any democracy is the ability of citizens to freely choose their representatives. This necessitates an independent Election Commission, transparent electoral processes, and strict enforcement of the Model Code of Conduct. Instances of electoral malpractices, including voter intimidation and misuse of money and power, need to be rigorously addressed. The use of technology, such as electronic voting machines (EVMs) with enhanced security features, can improve transparency and reduce the scope for manipulation.
2. Independent Judiciary: An independent and impartial judiciary is crucial for upholding the rule of law and protecting fundamental rights. Judicial appointments must be transparent and merit-based, free from political influence. The judiciary’s efficiency in dispensing justice needs improvement, particularly in addressing the backlog of cases. Strengthening lower judiciary and ensuring access to justice for all are vital.
3. Strong and Accountable Executive: The executive branch, headed by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, must be accountable to the Parliament. This requires robust parliamentary oversight mechanisms, including effective question hour, debates, and committees. Transparency in government functioning, including access to information, is essential to hold the executive accountable. Strengthening institutions like the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is crucial for combating corruption.
4. Active and Informed Citizenry: A vibrant civil society, comprising NGOs, media, and other advocacy groups, plays a crucial role in holding the government accountable and promoting citizen participation. Education and awareness campaigns are necessary to foster political literacy and encourage informed participation in the democratic process. Promoting critical thinking and discouraging misinformation are vital for an active citizenry.
5. Respect for Fundamental Rights: Upholding fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution, including freedom of speech, expression, and assembly, is paramount. Any infringement on these rights undermines the democratic fabric. Independent institutions like the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) need to be strengthened to ensure their effective functioning.
6. Robust Media: A free and independent media acts as a watchdog, holding the government and other powerful entities accountable. The media’s role in disseminating information and fostering public discourse is crucial. However, the media itself needs to be responsible and adhere to ethical journalistic practices. Combating fake news and misinformation is a critical challenge that needs to be addressed.
7. Effective Anti-Corruption Mechanisms: Corruption erodes public trust and undermines the legitimacy of democratic institutions. Strengthening anti-corruption agencies, implementing stricter laws, and promoting transparency and accountability are crucial steps in combating corruption. Whistleblower protection mechanisms need to be strengthened to encourage reporting of corrupt practices.
Conclusion:
Strengthening parliamentary democracy in India requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders â the government, the judiciary, the political parties, the civil society, and the citizens themselves. Free and fair elections, an independent judiciary, a strong and accountable executive, an active and informed citizenry, respect for fundamental rights, a robust media, and effective anti-corruption mechanisms are all essential conditions. A holistic approach that addresses these interconnected factors is necessary to ensure the continued success of India’s vibrant democracy. By fostering a culture of transparency, accountability, and citizen participation, India can further consolidate its position as a beacon of democracy in the world, upholding its constitutional values and ensuring sustainable and inclusive development for all its citizens.
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