Points to Remember:
- The question asks for the name of a specific series of spectral lines.
- The answer requires factual knowledge of atomic physics and spectroscopy.
Introduction:
Atomic hydrogen, the simplest atom with one proton and one electron, emits light when its electron transitions between different energy levels. These transitions result in a series of discrete spectral lines, each corresponding to a specific wavelength of light. The wavelengths of these lines are precisely defined by the Rydberg formula and are crucial in understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics. The study of these spectral lines was pivotal in the development of modern physics, leading to the Bohr model and ultimately the quantum mechanical model of the atom.
Body:
The Lyman Series:
The question specifically asks for the name of a series, and while there are several series for atomic hydrogen, the most commonly discussed and the first discovered is the Lyman series. The Lyman series describes the transitions of the electron from higher energy levels (n > 1) to the ground state (n = 1). These transitions produce ultraviolet light. The lines are designated as Lyman-α, Lyman-β, Lyman-γ, and so on, corresponding to transitions from n=2, n=3, n=4, etc., respectively.
Other Series:
While not directly asked for, it’s important to note that other series exist for atomic hydrogen, including:
- Balmer Series: Transitions to the n=2 energy level, producing visible light. This series is historically significant as it was the first to be observed.
- Paschen Series: Transitions to the n=3 energy level, producing infrared light.
- Brackett Series: Transitions to the n=4 energy level, producing infrared light.
- Pfund Series: Transitions to the n=5 energy level, producing infrared light.
- Humphreys Series: Transitions to the n=6 energy level, producing infrared light.
These series are all named after the scientists who discovered them and are characterized by their specific wavelength ranges and the energy levels involved in the electron transitions.
Conclusion:
In summary, the name of the series of spectral lines for atomic hydrogen is the Lyman series. While other series exist (Balmer, Paschen, Brackett, Pfund, Humphreys), the Lyman series represents the transitions to the ground state and is fundamental to understanding the atom’s structure. The study of these spectral lines has been instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics and continues to be a crucial area of research in atomic physics. Further research into these spectral lines and their fine structure can provide deeper insights into the fundamental forces and interactions within the atom, contributing to our holistic understanding of the universe.
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