Utilization of public fund

Utilization of public fund Intergovernmental transfers from the centre to the states takes place through three channels: statutory and other transfers mandated by the Finance Commission, formula-based transfers for State Plan Schemes through the Planning Commission, and other discretionary transfers by the Planning Commission/ various central Ministries. The entire tax sharing is a part of … Read more

All India Services, Central Services, State Services, Constitutional Positions; Role and function, nature of function

All India Services The Design of the Civil Service at Independence While designing a successor civil service, the Indian political leaders chose to retain elements of the British structure of a unified administrative system such as an open-entry system based on academic achievements, elaborate training arrangements, permanency of tenure, important posts at Union, State and … Read more

Indian ‘Renaissance: National Freedom movement and its leaders (with special reference to M.P.).

ORIGIN OF NATIONALISM The rise of Nationalism is reflected in the spirit of Renaissance in Europe when freedom from religious restrictions led to the enhancement of national identity. This expression of Nationalism was furthered by the French Revolution. The political changes resulted in the passing of sovereignty from the hands of an absolute monarch to … Read more

Security issues: External and Internal.

Role of external state and Non-state actor’s in creating challenges to internal security  Challenges to Internal security through communication networks  Role of media and Social networking sites in internal securityChallenges Basics of cyber security  Role of biometric devices in security IT Act (2000) Security challenges in border areas linkages of organized crime with terrorism.  Management … Read more

W.H.O.-Objectives, Structures, functions and its programmes

The World Health Organization (WHO) is the specialized organization for  international health within the United Nations’ system. WHO experts produce health guidelines and standards, and help countries to address public health issues. World Health Organization also  supports and promotes health research.WHO came into formal existence in 1948 as the UN specialist agency for health, incorporating … Read more

Issues of Direct and Indirect Subsidy for farm sector and other social sectors. 

  Issues of Direct and Indirect Subsidy for farm sector and other social sectors.  Subsidy is one of the powerful fiscal instruments, besides taxes and others, by which the objective of growth and social justice may be achieved.   Subsidies alter relative prices and budget constraints and thereby affect decisions concerning production, consumption and allocation … Read more

Regional Imbalances and Migration

Regional imbalances and income inequalitiies in India: Steps taken by the Government to reduce it. Regional imbalance is the disparity in economic and social development of two regions. One region/city/area is stronger than another region/city/area. Regions develop when investments are made to set up industries, service sectors, educational institutions, health care facilities etc. Income inequality is the unequal distribution of … Read more